2025 Jobs Report

Together with our higher education and employer partners, we’re proving what’s possible when you empower the next generation of leaders with the skills, networks, experiences, and confidence necessary to launch a strong career.

Eboni Bugg
Rutgers University-Newark
Program Coordinator,
Rutgers University
Joshua Christie | Purpose Portraits
Fall 2021 Fellow

What does this report cover?

Lance Simon
Rutgers University-Newark
Tax Consultant, Deloitte
Joshua Christie | Purpose Portraits
Fall 2022 Fellow
Alongside our dedicated partners, Braven’s ambition is to help rebuild the middle class and revitalize the American Dream.

By 2032, our ambition is to work with 80,000-100,000 students, empowering 25,000 new students through the course each year.

To date, we’ve worked with 12,000 Fellows in many communities across the country.

In this report, we highlight the stories of the incredibly talented, diverse undergraduate students we have the privilege of working with as we dive into two questions that assess Braven’s impact:
1
Are our Fellows getting strong jobs that put them on the path to the American Dream?
2
Are we supporting Fellows on the path to internships and college completion?

Why our work matters

Ahmad Drammeh
Rutgers University-Newark
Data Operations & Reporting Analyst, Bank of America
Joshua Christie | Purpose Portraits
Spring 2022 Fellow

Nationally, only about 30% of 1.4 million low-income or first-generation college students who enroll in college each year will graduate and secure a strong first job or enter graduate school.1

Low-income or first-generation college student enrollees each year
1.4 million
~400k
~ 1 million
GRADUATE AND SECURE A STRONG JOB OR ENTER GRADuate SCHOOL
ARE NOT ON THE PATH TO THE AMERICAN Dream
~70%
Not on Path To The American Dream
That’s more than one million students every single year who aren’t on the path to the American Dream.

Mission

In collaboration with our higher education and employer partners, Braven empowers promising college students with the skills, confidence, experiences, and networks necessary to transition from college to strong economic opportunities, which lead to meaningful careers and lives of impact.

VISION

The next generation of leaders will emerge from everywhere.

The Braven Model

Braven empowers promising college students on their paths toward quality economic opportunities through a semester-long, cohort-based course—developed with input from our higher education partners and faculty—and support that extends beyond the course, continuing through six months after college graduation.

In our core higher education model, students take the course for credit. Students who come through BravenX via college success organizations receive a financial stipend in lieu of credit.

Our Partners

ARE Our FELLOWS Securing QUALitY Career Outcomes THAT PUT THEM ON THE PATH TO THE AMERICAN Dream?

The Journey of the Class of 2024

The Class of 2024 had a unique and difficult undergraduate experience. They began college in a pandemic and graduated into a cooling labor market.
2020-2021
Amid the Class of 2024's freshman year, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupts higher education and student experiences
The percentage of students enrolled in at least one distance education course doubled.2
36%
Fall 2019
75%
Fall 2020
2021- 2023
During the middle of the Class of 2024's higher education experience, job and internship opportunities recover
In March 2022, job openings
rebounded to the highest level recorded since 2000: 12 million openings.3
7 mil
FEB 2020
12mil
March 2022
The Braven Class of 2024 had the highest rate of internship attainment out of the past 6 graduating classes largely due to increases in internship opportunities post-pandemic.4
2024
As the Class of 2024 graduates, the labor market cools off, hiring slows down, and unemployment increases
The newest job seekers, those aged 20 to 24, saw a 1.2 percentage point increase in their unemployment rate -- 4x the growth in the unemployment rate across all workers.5, 6
+1.2
Percentage points
OCT 2023
6%
OCT 2024
7.2%
Unemployment rate for Ages 20 to 24
+0.3
Percentage points
OCT 2023
3.8%
OCT 2024
4.1%
Unemployment rate for all Ages

The Journey of the Class of 2024

The Class of 2024 had a unique and difficult undergraduate experience.They began college in a pandemic and graduated into a cooling labor market.
2020-2021
Amid the Class of 2024's freshman year, the COVID-19 pandemic
disrupts higher education
and student experiences
The percentage of students enrolled in at least one distance education course doubled.2
36%
Fall 2019
75%
Fall 2020
2021- 2023
During the middle of the
Class of 2024's higher education experience, job and internship opportunities recover
In March 2022, job openings
rebounded to the highest level recorded since 2000: 12 million openings.3
7 mil3
FEB 2020
12mil
March 2022

The Braven Class of 2024 had the highest rate of internship attainment out of the past 6 graduating classes largely due to increases in internship opportunities post-pandemic.4

2024
As the Class of 2024 graduates,
the labor market cools off,
hiring slows down, and unemployment increases
The newest job seekers, those aged 20 to 24, saw a 1.2 percentage point increase in their unemployment rate -- 4x the growth in the unemployment rate across all workers.5, 6
+1.2
Percentage points
OCT 2023
6%
OCT 2024
7.2%
Unemployment Rate for Ages 20 To 24
+0.3
Percentage points
OCT 2023
3.8%
OCT 2024
4.1%
Unemployment Rate for All Ages
Aliyah Saleem
Rutgers University-Newark
Public Health Advisor / Disease Intervention Specialist,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Remon Atala
Fall 2023 Fellow

RU-N Braven Fellows aTTAIN Quality Opportunities After College

George Draper, III
San José State University
Operations Manager, Amazon
Joe Mazza Photography (San Francisco, CA)
Spring 2024 Fellow
In 2024, 980 Braven Fellows graduated from core partner schools.

This year across our core model higher education partner sites, quality opportunity attainment ranges from 45% to 70%. As we scale, we will continue to address these differences to ensure that Fellows remain on the path to economic mobility.

We are proud of the achievements of our graduates who hail from a diverse set of institutions and are launching their careers into local labor markets that vary in industry composition and stages of economic recovery.  

This new class is outpacing their peers nationally in quality outcome attainment by 21 percentage points (61% vs 40%) within six months of graduation.7,8  

Eighty-four percent of the Class of 2024 of Braven graduates were employed overall or enrolled in graduate school within six months of college graduation.

In 2024, 158 Braven Fellows graduated from Rutgers University-Newark.

This new class is outpacing their peers nationally in quality outcome attainment by 26 percentage points (68% vs 42%) within six months of graduating.7,8

68%
   2024 RU-N Braven Graduates
+
+26
percentage points
42%
Graduates with a Bachelor’s Degree from Peer Institutions with a Similar Concentration of Pell Grant Recipients (2012-2021)8
48%
GRADUATES NATIONALLY WITH A BACHELOR'S DEGREE (2012-2021)8
RU-N Braven Class of 2024 Demographics9
People of color
39%
black
35%
latinx/a/o
15%
asian American,
pacific islander
Students from low-income Backgrounds
First-Generation college students
Priyal Patel
Rutgers University-Newark
Program Integrity Analyst, Zizatek
Spring 2023 Fellow

THE
STRENGTh OF ROLES
OUR 2024 GRADUATeS SECURED

Of the 158 Braven Fellows who graduated from Rutgers University-Newark,
93%
Are employed or enrolled in graduate school
90%
sECURED QUALITY
OR PATHWAY OUTCOMES
2024 RU-N Braven Graduates7, 20
68%
22%
4%
7%
Quality Roles or graduate school
Pathway roles
Non-Quality roles
Unemployed
How we define quality economic opportunities:
Quality role:

a full-time role that requires a bachelor’s degree and includes some combination of promotion pathways, employee benefits, and a market-competitive starting salary, or enrollment in graduate school

Pathway role:

a role that does not require a bachelor’s degree but helps students’ financial sustainability, is aligned with career interests, and will likely lead to more career-accelerating possibilities through skill development

Non-quality role:

a role that does not require a bachelor’s degree, offers limited runway to additional career-accelerating opportunities, and is not aligned with students’ career interests

National Fellow Enrollment In Graduate School

Enrollment in graduate school is one of the ways Braven defines a quality first outcome.
23%
IN GRADUATE SCHOOL
23 percent of our 980 2024 graduates went on to graduate school within six months of graduation.
Enrollment in graduate school is one of the ways Braven defines a quality first outcome.
  1. Agnes Scott College
  2. American University/
  3. Barry University
  4. Baruch College*
  5. Boston University
  6. Brown University
  7. California State University-Long Beach
  8. Campbell University
  9. Capella University
  10. Chicago School of Professional Psychology+
  11. Chicago-Kent College of Law+
  12. Clemson University
  13. Columbia University*
  14. Cornell University*
  15. DePaul University+
  16. Duke University
  17. Eastern Illinois University
  18. Elmhurst University
  19. Emory University
  20. Emory University Goizueta Business School
  21. Florida A&M University
  22. George Mason University/
  23. George Washington University/
  24. Georgetown University/
  25. Georgetown University School of Medicine/
  26. Georgia State University
  27. Georgia State University College of Law
  28. Hofstra University*
  29. Howard University/
  30. Lebanon Valley College
  31. Lehman College*
  32. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
  33. Loyola Marymount University
  34. Loyola University+
  35. Meharry Medical College
  36. Mercer University
  37. Michigan State University
  38. Montclair State University
  39. Morehouse School of Medicine
  40. National Louis University+
  41. New Jersey Institute of Technology
  42. North Carolina Central University
  43. Northern Illinois University
  44. Northwestern University+
  45. New York University*
  46. New York University Silver School of Social Work*
  47. Ohio State University
  48. Oregon State University
  49. Pepperdine University
  50. Purdue University
  51. Quinnipiac University
  52. Rush University+
  53. Rutgers Business School - Newark
  54. Rutgers School of Public Health
  55. Rutgers University - Newark
  56. Samuel Merrit University
  57. San José State University
  58. San José State University - Charles W. Davidson College of Engineering
  59. Seton Hall University School of Law
  60. South College Atlanta
  61. Stanford University
  62. State University of New York Upstate Medical University
  63. Syracuse University
  64. The City College of New York*
  65. The City University of New York*
  66. The George Washington University/
  67. Tufts University
  68. Tuskegee University
  69. University of California, Los Angeles
  70. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  71. University of Cincinnati
  72. University of Connecticut
  73. University of Georgia
  74. University of Illinois
  75. University of Illinois Chicago+
  76. University of Indianapolis
  77. University of Miami
  78. University of Michigan
  79. University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
  80. University of Pittsburgh
  81. University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
  82. University of San Diego
  83. University of South Carolina
  84. University of Southern California
  85. University of Tennessee
  86. University of the District of Columbia/
  87. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
  88. Vanderbilt University

International Schools

  1. British Academy of Dramatic Arts
  2. London School of Economics
  3. University of Manchester

/ Denotes schools in Washington D.C. area (8)

* Denotes schools in New York City area (9)

+ Denotes schools in Chicago area (8)

International Schools

  1. British Academy of Dramatic Arts
  2. London School of Economics
  3. University of Manchester

/ Denotes schools in Washington D.C. area (8)

* Denotes schools in New York City area (9)

+ Denotes schools in Chicago area (8)

Braven Fellows on a Thriving Path In Today's Economy

Jada Farley-Cook
Spelman College
Asset & Wealth Management Financial Analyst,
Goldman Sachs
Kat Goduco
Spring 2022 Fellow
When students develop career-readiness skills, networks, confidence, and experiences, the American Dream is attainable within semesters.

74% of our graduates nationally are already out earning their parents at the same age in their first job out of college.10

By comparison, by age 30, Americans have a 50-50 shot of out-earning their parents.11

Most popular industries for Braven Fellows10

Education
Technology
Non-Profit
Health
Banking & Finance
Tiffany Velez
Rutgers University-Newark
Human Resources Coordinator, Panasonic
Joshua Christie | Purpose Portraits
Spring 2022 Fellow

Building Career Wealth & Health

A high quality first job helps individuals build long-term wealth and health.

Braven defines a strong first job as one that requires a bachelor’s degree and is full-time, and also includes some combination of promotion pathways, employee benefits, and a market-competitive starting salary.

Six months post-graduation, RU-N Braven Fellows in the Class of 2024 are earning above the national average salary of all early career college graduates.

$57,898
Mean salary of employed 2024 RU-N Braven graduates in the first 6 months after college graduation
+$15.4k

Compared to a national average of $42,537 of recent college graduates aged 23-24 who were employed in 202312

$63,462
Mean salary of full-time employed 2024 RU-N Braven graduates in the first 6 months after college graduation
+$13.8k

Compared to a national average of $49,630 of recent college graduates aged 23-24 who worked full-time in 202312

Recent National Braven Graduates

ARE IN ROLES ALIGNED WITH THEIR LONG-TERM CAREER INTERESTS10

HAVE A JOB WITH EMPLOYER PROVIDED BENEFITS10

The Braven equation in Action

Erica Pino
Rutgers University-Newark
Graduate Student, Master of Business and Science in Computer and Information Science, Rutgers University-Newark
Joshua Christie | Purpose Portraits
Spring 2024 Fellow
With Braven’s help, Erica Pino built the foundation to get on the path to the American promise.
Networks

Paired with Leadership Coach Maggie Chapoteau, a seasoned operations management professional whose experience spans multiple industries of telecom, law, and finance, who provided Erica with 60 hours of mentorship

skills

The Braven experience
equipped Erica with
5 key career competencies:

Self-driven leadership • Working in teams • Problem solving • Networking and communicating • Operating and managing

Experiences

After the Braven course, Erica secured a high-quality internship:

Research Assistant Intern, Rutgers-Child Study Center

Confidence

“My Leadership Coach was incredibly supportive, always open to answering my questions about the professional world. Hearing experiences from peers and other mentors also helped me develop new skills and fresh perspectives.”

Career-Ready
College
Graduate
With Braven’s help, Erica Pino built the foundation to get on the path to the American promise.
Networks
Paired with Leadership Coach Maggie Chapoteau, a seasoned operations management professional whose experience spans multiple industries of telecom, law, and finance, who provided Erica with 60 hours of mentorship
skills
The Braven experience
equipped Erica with
5 key career competencies:

Self-driven leadership • Working in teams • Problem solving • Networking and communicating • Operating and managing
Confidence
“My Leadership Coach was incredibly supportive, always open to answering my questions about the professional world. Hearing experiences from peers and other mentors also helped me develop new skills and fresh perspectives.”
Experiences
After the Braven course, Erica secured a high-quality internship:

Research Assistant Intern, Rutgers-Child Study Center

ARE We supporting Fellows to secure internships?

Disparities in Access to Internship Completion

Internships prepare students to launch strong careers by helping them:13

Develop skills such as communication, teamwork, problem- solving, and leadership
Gain confidence
or clarity around career goals
Expand professional connections

Signal to employers their acquired knowledge and skills14

Not All Internships Are Created Equal

Paid internships result in better career outcomes.15

+50%
more likely to receive a job offer than unpaid Interns
+15k
in starting salary vs. unpaid interns

The highest quality internships share these characteristics:13, 16

They Are Paid
There is a plan for what the intern is Learning
include relatively high skill tasks with supervision
there is sufficient mentorship and support

Encouraging levels of Internship attainment for Braven Fellows

Keila Villanueva
Rutgers University-Newark
Summer Intern,
Clark Atlanta University
Joshua Christie | Purpose Portraits
fall 2022 Fellow
For college students, internships serve as critical proof points of experience that open professional doors.
Compared with graduates nationally, Rutgers University-Newark Braven 2024 graduates were 18 percentage points more likely to have at least one internship during their college experience.
66%
RU-N Braven 2024 Graduates
+
+18
percentage points
48%
NATIONAL 2022 GRADUATES17

Braven
Launches Capitol Hill Fellowship

In 2024, Braven & The Sheila Y. Oliver Center for Politics and Race in America (CPRA) at Rutgers University-Newark launched the Capitol Hill Fellowship as an opportunity for Fellows to enter the public service space, particularly on Capitol Hill.

Acquiring an internship in Congress can be especially hard for students from humble beginnings, whether that be tied to financial constraint or networks. Braven’s Capitol Hill Fellowship lowers these barriers by supporting Fellows with applying to internships at Congressional offices, providing Capitol Hill Fellows with eight weeks of housing, professional development, a clothing stipend, and a monthly living stipend. Four Fellows participated in the inaugural year of the Fellowship.

MEET THE SUMMER 2024 INAUGURAL CLass
“I witnessed firsthand how critical policy decisions are made in a collaborative environment, shaping both our nation and my home, New Jersey’s 8th Congressional District.”
Valerie Valle
Interned with Rep. Rob Menendez, Jr. (NJ-8)
“My time on Capitol Hill was transformative, providing insight into the legislative process and daily operations of a congressional office. Engaging with staffers deepened my understanding of how policymaking takes shape.”
Zacharriyah Uddin
Interned with Rep. Mikie Sherrill (NJ-11)
“I had the opportunity to engage in an open conversation with Representative Velázquez, where I learned about her career journey and gained valuable insights and advice.”
Aliyah Saleem
Interned with Rep. Nydia M. Velázquez (NY-07)
"In this role, I had the privilege of collaborating with Rutgers' Center for Politics and Race in America to conduct research and interview influential figures like Senator Laphonza Butler and Representative Bonnie Watson Coleman, gaining valuable insights into their voting records."
Safanya Searcy
Congressional Research Fellow

ARE We supporting Fellows On The Path to college completion?

Valerie Valle
Rutgers University-Newark
Accelerated Master's Student,
Rutgers University-Newark
Remon Atala
Spring 2021 Fellow

Encouraging Levels of Persistence
and Graduation

RU-N Braven Fellows have achieved a 91% six-year graduation rate.18
Nationally, only about 7 in 10 students graduate within six years of college enrollment.19
Braven Fellows, who typically join us during their sophomore or junior year, are persisting and graduating at encouraging rates.
RU-n Fellow 6-year Graduation Rate
91%
RU-N Braven 2024 Graduates
+19 
Percentage
Points
72%
NATIONAL 6-YEAR GRADUATION RATE AT 4-YEAR INSTITUTIONS19

We Couldn't Do It Without You!

Higher Education Partners & Employer Partners

Higher Education Partners

  • Chicago State University (BravenX)
  • City College of New York – CUNY
  • Delaware State University
  • National Louis University
  • Northern Illinois University
  • Rutgers University - Newark
  • San Francisco State University (launched fall 2024)
  • San José State University
  • Spelman College

BravenX Partners

  • 5 Strong Scholars Foundation
  • Achieve Atlanta
  • Arkansas Commitment
  • Ascend Public Schools
  • Associated Colleges of Illinois
  • Augustana College
  • Breakthrough Kent Denver
  • Carmen Schools of Science & Technology
  • Chicago Scholars
  • Chicago State University
  • City Year Chicago
  • Coney Island Prep Public Schools
  • Cooperman College Scholars
  • Coral Academy of Science Las Vegas
  • Cristo Rey Network
  • DREAM Charter School
  • DSST Public Schools
  • Evanston Scholars
  • Excel Academy Charter School
  • Excellence Community Schools
  • Freedom Preparatory Academy Charter Schools
  • IDEA Public Schools
  • Judson University
  • KIPP Metro Atlanta
  • KIPP Forward
  • KIPP NJ
  • Lehman College
  • LISA Academy
  • National Association for Urban Debate Leagues
  • Newark Youth Career Pathways Program
  • North Central College
  • Noble Schools
  • Rivet School
  • SEEDS
  • The Academy Charter School
  • The Wight Foundation
  • Uncommon Schools
  • Uplift Education
  • UtmostU

Employer Partners
LEAD

(250K+ and programmatic support)

  • Adobe
  • Atlassian
  • Apollo Opportunity Foundation
  • Barclays
  • Blackstone Charitable Foundation
  • Deloitte
  • JPMorgan Chase Foundation
  • LinkedIn
  • NBA Foundation
  • Prudential Financial
  • Salesforce

ANCHOR

($100K+ and programmatic support)

  • Cognizant US
  • The College Board
  • UBS

KEYSTONE

($25K+ and programmatic support)

  • Berkshire Hathaway Specialty Insurance
  • Blackbaud
  • newark venture partners
  • Panasonic
  • Rakuten International
  • Silver Lake
  • Taco Bell Foundation
  • United Airlines

INNOVATION

($10K+ and programmatic support

  • Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey
  • IPG Health
  • J&L Companies

IMPACT

($5K and/or programmatic support)

  • 1Huddle
  • AEA Investors
  • Audible
  • IQVIA
  • Jacobs Levy Equity Management
  • McKinsey & Company
  • Synchrony Financial
  • Vanguard

Supporters (10K+)

  • Anonymous
  • Arbor Rising
  • Barberry Foundation
  • Charles and Lynn Schusterman Family Philanthropies
  • Deloitte Foundation
  • Devils Youth Foundation
  • Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation
  • John & Wendy Cozzi
  • Leon and Toby Cooperman Family Foundation
  • Linda & Brian Sterling
  • Lisa & Joseph Amato
  • M&T Weiner Foundation
  • Schultz Family Foundation
  • Susan & Thomas Dunn
  • The MCJ Amelior Foundation
  • Victoria Foundation
  • A big thank you to our Braven Newark Board of Directors:
  • Lisa Amato
  • Rina Desai
  • Susan Dunn
  • Ryan Hill
  • Matt Iversen
  • Harry Li
  • Jackie Rider
  • Lynn Selassie
  • Jonathan Simon
  • Solomon Steplight

Endnotes

  1. Statistics based on data from the National Center for Education Statistics (2021 digest and 2019 NCES 2019-487), National Student Clearinghouse Research Center’s Transfer & Progress report (Fall 2022), and Third Way’s “The Pell Divide: How Four-Year Institutions are Failing to Graduate Low- and Moderate-Income Students” (2018).
  2. National Center for Education Statistics. "Distance Learning." Fast Facts, U.S. Department of Education,  Accessed 5 Dec. 2024.
  3. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. "Job Openings Reach Record Highs in 2022 as the Labor Market Recovery Continues." Monthly Labor Review, 2023.
  4. National Association of Colleges and Employers. "Students Recognize the Importance of Gaining Internship Experience." NACEweb.
  5. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Unemployment Rate - College Graduates - Bachelor's Degree, 20 to 24 years. Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED). Accessed 9 Jan. 2025.
  6. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. "Unemployment Rate Steady at 4.1 Percent in October 2024." The Economics Daily, 2024.
  7. We have jobs data for 87% of FY24 RU-N Braven graduates.
  8. Burning Glass Institute and Strada Institute for the Future of Work, Talent Disrupted:Underemployment, College Graduates, and the Way Forward, 2024. The comparisonmetric used is percent of employed studentswho are not underemployed one year aftergraduation with a bachelor's degree. In thenational report, benchmark data for peerinstitutions was calculated by taking a weightedaverage of underemployment rates based onthe concentration of Pell Grant recipients at Braven's core higher education partners and subtracting this from one. Because Rutgers-Newark is classified as an institution with a high concentration of low-income students, the peerbenchmark in this report is based on institutionswith a high concentration of low-income students.
  9. Percentage people of color includes all students who identify as any non-White race or ethnicity and/or as a person of color. Race/ethnicity breakdown percentages may not add up to 100% due to specific racial backgrounds shown; they also may add up to more than 100% because students can identify with more than one race or ethnicity."
  10. Inclusive of Braven graduates from 2021-2024.
  11. Chetty, Raj et al. The Fading American Dream: Trends in Absolute Income Mobility Since 1940. Science, December 2016.
  12. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey. Data filtered by age (AGEP 23-24), income (PINCP > $1), hours worked (WKHP > 35 or WKHP > 0), employment status (ESR Civilian employed, at work), and educational attainment (SCHL Bachelor’s degree). U.S. Census Bureau.
  13. National Survey of College Internships 2023 Technical Report. Strada Education Foundation. June 2024.
  14. Silva, Erik, et al. What Can We Learn from Longitudinal Studies on the Impacts of College Internships? Center for Research on College-Workforce Transitions, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Apr. 2022.
  15. 2024 NACE Student Survey Report: Four-Year Schools Executive Summary. Sept. 2024.
  16. Deming, David, Joseph B. Fuller, Rachel Lipson, Kerry McKittrick, Ali Epstein, and Emma Catalfamo. Delivering on the Degree: The College-to-Jobs Playbook. Cambridge, MA: Project on Workforce, Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy, Harvard Kennedy School, April 2023.
  17. Strada Education Foundation. "From College to Career: Students' Internship Expectations and Experiences." Strada Education Foundation, 17 May 2023.
  18. Six-year graduation rate of Braven Fellows includes students who enrolled as first-time freshmen at RU-N, not including those who took Braven as seniors, transfer students, or international students.
  19. National comparison is the implied six-year graduation rate for Pell Grant recipients who were full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students in the 2017 starting cohort (adjusted) at four-year public Title IV institutions, after accounting for those who persisted from freshman to sophomore year and from sophomore to junior year. Sources for data: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, IPEDS, Winter 2023–24, Graduation Rates component (provisional data); Pitcher, McCall, and Parson, Kelle. “More to the Retention Story: Exploring Second- to Third-Year Retention at 4-Year Colleges and Universities.” American Institutes for Research. July 2023."